Terahertz (THz) radiation, which occupies the frequency band between microwaves and infrared light, is essential in many next ...

Microfluidics has become a revolutionary field with multiple applications across scientific disciplines, such as chemistry, biology, physics, and engineering. Manipulating small volumes of fluids in ...

Accurately and rapidly quantifying protein content is essential for modern biology, biochemistry, and biophysics laboratories worldwide. Researchers are focused on determining total protein content, ...

X-rays, a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, pack enough energy to pierce materials and interact with inner-shell electrons. 1 When they hit a sample, ...

Force spectroscopy relies on the precise measurement of forces acting on a probe as it interacts with a sample. The key principles of force spectroscopy include: AFM-based force spectroscopy is the ...

While many people often use spectroscopy and spectrometry interchangeably, there are some subtle differences in their exact meanings and the associated experimental techniques they are used to ...

In traditional medical diagnostics, the procedure involves taking a patient biopsy sample and then meticulous analysis, which commonly utilizes microscopy methods within a laboratory setting. While ...

This paper explores the differences and similarities between Raman and infrared spectroscopy in regard to unknown material identification and reaction monitoring. While these techniques share ...

Within the chemical industry, the manufacturing of polymers is one of the largest sectors - the volumes of polystyrene alone produced annually worldwide reaching billions of kilograms. 1 ...