Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Michael Boyle is an experienced financial ...

Neural encoding is the study of how neurons represent information with electrical activity (action potentials) at the level of individual cells or in networks of neurons. Studies of neural encoding ...

Memory is the faculty by which the brain encodes, stores, and retrieves information. It is a record of experience that guides future action. Memory encompasses the facts and experiential details that ...

Neural decoding is the study of what information is available in the electrical activity (action potentials) of individual cells or networks of neurons. Studies of neural decoding aim to identify what ...