Abstract: The overall performance improvement of model-based controller depends on the accurate plant model. However, many complicated plants exist unmodeled uncertainties caused by irregular ...
Abstract: A Spark ignition (SI) engine is a complex, multi-domain component of the vehicle powertrain system. The engine control module (ECM) for an SI engine must achieve both high performance and ...
The version history of the Ford Power-Up updates for the Ford SYNC Version 4 and 4a hardware developed by Ford Motor Company began with the release of the 2021 Mustang Mach-E in December 2020. This ...
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