As financial institutions accelerate their adoption of artificial intelligence, one principle is emerging as non‑negotiable: ...

Abstract: In the paper, a tricolor attenuation theory is introduced, a new algorithm which transform a color face image into a gray one which is illumination invariant based on the tricolor ...

Loop invariants are fundamental to reasoning about programs with loops. They establish properties about a given loop’s behavior. When they additionally are inductive, they become useful for the task ...

Abstract: Adaptive observers have undergone sustained theoretical evolution and gained widespread industrial adoption due to their inherent capability for simultaneous parameter and state estimation ...